It is a sister species to Sphyrna gilberti, differing by the number of vertebrae. Sphyrna comes from the Greek and translates to hammer. It has also been named Cestracion leeuwenii by Day in 1865, Zygaena erythraea by Klunzinger in 1871, Cestracion oceanica by Garman in 1913, and Sphyrna diplana by Springer in 1941. The scalloped hammerhead was first named Zygaena lewini and then renamed Sphyrna lewini by Edward Griffith and Hamilton Smith in 1834. It is the most common of all hammerheads. It primarily lives in warm, temperate, and tropical coastal waters all around the globe between latitudes 46°N and 36°S, down to a depth of 500 m (1,600 ft). This shark is also known as the bronze, kinky-headed, or southern hammerhead. It is a fairly large hammerhead, but is still smaller than both the great and smooth hammerheads.
The shark's eyes and nostrils are at the tips of the extensions. The Greek word sphyrna translates into "hammer" in English, referring to the shape of this shark's head, which is its most distinguishing characteristic.
It was originally known as Zygaena lewini. The scalloped hammerhead ( Sphyrna lewini) is a species of hammerhead shark in the family Sphyrnidae.
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